静默安装11gR2 DB SERVER单机并手动建库步骤
静默安装是在我们无法使用OUI图形界面安装ORACLE DB软件，亦或者我们需要大规模部署该软件时采用的方法。
静默安装不要求启动图形界面，仅仅使用命令行即可实施。
具体在11gR2单机以silent静默方式安装时，可以省略使用response file，步骤如下：
1. 解压安装包，如果你是在Linux上且安装目前最新的Patchset 11.2.0.3(推荐)的话，首先解压介质安装包
如果在AIX上可能还需要执行必要的rootpre.sh
2. 创建必要的目录，以及Oracle用户的ulimit限制和kernel parameters
[root@mlab2 grid]# mkdir /u01
[root@mlab2 grid]# chown oracle:oinstall /u01
[root@mlab2 grid]# su – oracle
3. 正式使用runInstaller -silent 静默方式安装
$ ./runInstaller -silent -debug -force \
FROM_LOCATION=/home/oracle/database/stage/products.xml \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory \
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1 \
ORACLE_HOME_NAME=”OraDb11g_Home9″ \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
4.
切换到root用户执行必要的脚本
[oracle@mlab2 bin]$ su – root
Password:
[root@mlab2 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@mlab2 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/install/root_mlab2.oracle.com_2009-11-23_20-26-32.log for the output of root script
5.
设置必要的环境变量
[oracle@mlab2 ~]$ cat db2.sh
export ORACLE_SID=CRMV
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:/opt/oracle.SupportTools
6.
创建必要的目录
[root@mlab2 ~]# mkdir /oradata/
[root@mlab2 ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /oradata
[oracle@mlab2 ~]$ mkdir -p /oradata/CRMV/controlfile
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ mkdir /oradata/CRMV/logfile
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ mkdir /oradata/CRMV/datafile
7.
创建init.ora PFILE初始化参数文件
[oracle@mlab2 ~]$ source db2.sh
[oracle@mlab2 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@mlab2 db_1]$ cd dbs
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ cat init
initCRMV.ora init.ora
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ cat initCRMV.ora
db_name=CRMV
sga_target=1200M
control_files=(‘/oradata/CRMV/controlfile/control01.dbf’,’/oradata/CRMV/controlfile/control02.dbf’)
undo_management=AUTO
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS
8.创建密码文件
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwCRMV entries=10 password=oracle
[oracle@mlab2 dbs]$ ls -l orapwCRMV
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 2560 Nov 23 20:58 orapwCRMV
9.
正式手动建库
CREATE DATABASE CRMV
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 (‘/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo01.log’) SIZE 256M,
GROUP 2 (‘/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo02.log’) SIZE 256M,
GROUP 3 (‘/oradata/CRMV/logfile/redo03.log’) SIZE 256M
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 10000
MAXDATAFILES 3000
MAXINSTANCES 10
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8
DATAFILE ‘/oradata/CRMV/datafile/system01.dbf’ SIZE 825M REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SYSAUX DATAFILE ‘/oradata/CRMV/datafile/sysaux01.dbf’ SIZE 825M REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE ‘/oradata/CRMV/datafile/temp01.dbf’
SIZE 200M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
DATAFILE ‘/oradata/CRMV/datafile/undotbs01.dbf’
SIZE 600M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
此步骤也可以参考链接：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/create.htm#g1034097
10.
创建非必要的表空间例如USERS，以及应用表空间或索引表空间
SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest=’/oradata/CRMV’;
System altered.
CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA
— create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users
CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING
DATAFILE SIZE 525M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 16M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
— create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace
CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING
DATAFILE SIZE 325M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 16M MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
SQL>
SQL> alter database default tablespace users;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1;
alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12907: tablespace TEMPTS1 is already the default temporary tablespace
11.
执行catalog.sql和catproc.sql 2个必要的字典脚本
CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
EXIT
1* select comp_name,version from dba_server_registry
SQL> /
COMP_NAME VERSION
—————————————- ——————————
Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.3.0
Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.3.0
2 rows selected.
其他一些有必要执行的脚本
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
conn system/oracle
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
12. 设置必要的参数，并打开 日志归档
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1252663296 bytes
Fixed Size 2227944 bytes
Variable Size 335544600 bytes
Database Buffers 905969664 bytes
Redo Buffers 8921088 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter system set deferred_segment_creation=false;
System altered.
SQL> alter database archivelog ;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system archive log current;
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11201/db_1/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 3
Next log sequence to archive 5
Current log sequence 5
更多11g 参数推荐可以参考 https://www.askmac.cn/archives/11gr2-features-disable.html
13. 如果需要重命名DB NAME，则可以运行如下命令
SQL> alter database rename global_name to LIUXIANGBING;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
——————————————————————————–
LIUXIANGBING
14. 配置LISTENER、SQLNET.ORA等网络参数
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